What are the major differences between dye and pigment inks?

Dyes are molecules of colorants that dissolve in water. They produce more brilliant, saturated colors but can fade quickly in UV light and aren’t waterproof. Dye inks cost less that pigment inks but are fine for everyday printing of office documents or photos that will be kept in a box or album.

Pigments are particles comprised of tens of thousands of dye molecules bound together. Pigments remain suspended in the carrier fluid (which can be water or other solvents). Pigment inks remain on the surface of inkjet papers, forming a thin film and a stable bond. Pigment inks are more fade-resistant and water-resistant than dyes, which is why pigment inks are better for outdoor graphics and long-lasting photo prints and wall art. Pigment particles can clog printheads if the particles are allowed to settle in the cartridge. Some pigment inks include dyes to enhance the vividness of their colors.